Ophthalmology Department: Conditions, Tests and When to Go
Ophthalmology is the care of the eyes and vision. Ophthalmologists treat eye disease medically and surgically, and screen for eye damage from diabetes and high blood pressure.
What Does Ophthalmology Treat?
- Cataract
- Glaucoma
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Refractive errors
- Red, painful eyes
- Retinal detachment
Common Tests in Ophthalmology
- Visual acuity (eye chart)
- Eye pressure measurement
- Dilated retina examination
- OCT scan
- Visual field test
When Should You See a Ophthalmology Specialist?
- Sudden loss of vision (emergency)
- Flashes and floaters with a shadow in vision
- Painful red eye with blurred vision
- Yearly eye checks if you have diabetes
Who Works in Ophthalmology?
Eye teams include ophthalmologists, optometrists and orthoptists.
Patient Tip
People with diabetes should have a retina check at least once a year.
How to Prepare for Your Visit
- Write down your symptoms, when they started and what makes them better or worse.
- Bring a list of all medicines and supplements, with doses.
- Carry previous reports, scans and discharge summaries.
- Note your questions in advance and, if possible, bring a family member.
Questions to Ask Your Ophthalmology Specialist
- What is the most likely cause of my symptoms, and what else could it be?
- Which tests do I need, and what will the results change?
- What are the benefits and risks of each treatment option, including doing nothing?
- Which warning signs mean I should return urgently?
Getting Referred
In Pakistan and many other countries, the usual route to a Ophthalmology specialist is through a family physician or general practitioner, who can start tests and write a referral. Large teaching hospitals and specialist centres also run outpatient clinics. In an emergency, go straight to the nearest emergency department.
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This Ophthalmology department guide is educational and based on public information from WHO, CDC, NIH and NHS. It does not replace advice from a qualified clinician. Explore all specialties in our medical departments directory.