Obstetrics and Gynecology Department: Conditions, Tests and When to Go
Obstetrics cares for women during pregnancy and childbirth, while gynecology looks after the female reproductive system at every age. Regular antenatal checks help keep mother and baby safe.
What Does Obstetrics and Gynecology Treat?
- Antenatal and postnatal care
- High blood pressure and diabetes in pregnancy
- Heavy or painful periods
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Infertility
- Menopause care and cervical screening
Common Tests in Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pregnancy ultrasound scans
- Blood pressure and urine checks
- Blood tests including haemoglobin and glucose
- Pap smear and HPV testing
- Pelvic ultrasound
When Should You See a Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist?
- Bleeding, severe pain or reduced baby movements in pregnancy (urgent)
- Severe headache or blurred vision in pregnancy
- Very heavy periods causing tiredness
- Bleeding after menopause
Who Works in Obstetrics and Gynecology?
Teams include obstetricians, gynecologists, midwives, sonographers and neonatologists.
Patient Tip
Start folic acid before pregnancy and attend every antenatal visit.
How to Prepare for Your Visit
- Write down your symptoms, when they started and what makes them better or worse.
- Bring a list of all medicines and supplements, with doses.
- Carry previous reports, scans and discharge summaries.
- Note your questions in advance and, if possible, bring a family member.
Questions to Ask Your Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist
- What is the most likely cause of my symptoms, and what else could it be?
- Which tests do I need, and what will the results change?
- What are the benefits and risks of each treatment option, including doing nothing?
- Which warning signs mean I should return urgently?
Getting Referred
In Pakistan and many other countries, the usual route to a Obstetrics and Gynecology specialist is through a family physician or general practitioner, who can start tests and write a referral. Large teaching hospitals and specialist centres also run outpatient clinics. In an emergency, go straight to the nearest emergency department.
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This Obstetrics and Gynecology department guide is educational and based on public information from WHO, CDC, NIH and NHS. It does not replace advice from a qualified clinician. Explore all specialties in our medical departments directory.