Hematology Department: Conditions, Tests and When to Go
Hematology covers the blood, bone marrow and the clotting system. Hematologists diagnose anaemia, bleeding and clotting problems and treat blood cancers.
What Does Hematology Treat?
- Iron-deficiency and other anaemias
- Thalassaemia and sickle cell disease
- Bleeding disorders such as haemophilia
- Blood clots (DVT, pulmonary embolism)
- Leukaemia and lymphoma
- Low or high platelet counts
Common Tests in Hematology
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Ferritin, B12 and folate
- Clotting tests (PT/INR, APTT)
- Haemoglobin electrophoresis
- Bone marrow examination
When Should You See a Hematology Specialist?
- Persistent tiredness with pale skin
- Easy bruising or prolonged bleeding
- A swollen, painful calf (possible clot)
- Enlarged lymph nodes with fevers or night sweats
Who Works in Hematology?
Hematology teams include hematologists, transfusion specialists, laboratory scientists and specialist nurses.
Patient Tip
Consider thalassaemia carrier testing before marriage or pregnancy where it is common.
How to Prepare for Your Visit
- Write down your symptoms, when they started and what makes them better or worse.
- Bring a list of all medicines and supplements, with doses.
- Carry previous reports, scans and discharge summaries.
- Note your questions in advance and, if possible, bring a family member.
Questions to Ask Your Hematology Specialist
- What is the most likely cause of my symptoms, and what else could it be?
- Which tests do I need, and what will the results change?
- What are the benefits and risks of each treatment option, including doing nothing?
- Which warning signs mean I should return urgently?
Getting Referred
In Pakistan and many other countries, the usual route to a Hematology specialist is through a family physician or general practitioner, who can start tests and write a referral. Large teaching hospitals and specialist centres also run outpatient clinics. In an emergency, go straight to the nearest emergency department.
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This Hematology department guide is educational and based on public information from WHO, CDC, NIH and NHS. It does not replace advice from a qualified clinician. Explore all specialties in our medical departments directory.